2. Put the mouse pointer inside the bottom 'ear' of the red bounding box and click the right mouse button.

A dialogue box appears. The Magnify option allows you to make the object bigger or smaller, while keeps the same aspect ratio.

The Scale X & Y option allows you to vary the width and height independently.

Setting X to -1 'flips' the object horizontally. Setting Y to -1 flips it vertically.

You can select several objects and scale them all in a single operation.